2 Samuel 13:4

Authorized King James Version

And he said unto him, Why art thou, being the king's son, lean from day to day? wilt thou not tell me? And Amnon said unto him, I love Tamar, my brother Absalom's sister.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר
And he said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
ל֗וֹ
H0
#3
מַדּ֣וּעַ
what (is) known?; i.e., (by implication) (adverbially) why?
#4
אַ֠תָּה
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
#5
כָּ֣כָה
just so, referring to the previous or following context
#6
דַּ֤ל
lean
properly, dangling, i.e., (by implication) weak or thin
#7
בֶּן
son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#8
הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙
unto him Why art thou being the king's
a king
#9
בַּבֹּ֔קֶר
from day
properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
#10
בַּבֹּ֔קֶר
from day
properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
#11
הֲל֖וֹא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#12
תַּגִּ֣יד
wilt thou not tell
properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to
#13
לִ֑י
H0
#14
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר
And he said
to say (used with great latitude)
#15
לוֹ֙
H0
#16
אַמְנ֔וֹן
me And Amnon
amnon (or aminon), a son of david
#17
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#18
תָּמָ֗ר
Tamar
tamar, the name of three women and a place
#19
אֲח֛וֹת
sister
a sister (used very widely [like h0251], literally and figuratively)
#20
אַבְשָׁלֹ֥ם
H53
Absalom's
abshalom, a son of david; also (the fuller form) a later israelite
#21
אָחִ֖י
my brother
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
#22
אֲנִ֥י
i
#23
אֹהֵֽב׃
unto him I love
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing love fundamental to theology proper, revealing God's essential nature and character and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show patron-client relationships and family loyalty concepts, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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